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NRM is an interdisciplinary field, employing a wide range of human skills and tools. It is the segment of social science research dealing with the social, political, economic, and legal relationships of people to environmental systems. It seeks to make them more sustainable - not by eliminating growth, but by embracing patterns of sustainability - and it recognizes that human values are key to harnessing and managing SES.
NRM can be defined as "the instrumental use of the full range of human skills and tools to understand, manage and contribute to sustainably and equitably the relationships between people and what they use and experience as natural systems" (Andersson, 1991). However the term itself is seldom precise and may be perceived as lacking a clear focus. Within this paper, we take a broad overview of NRM concepts, methods and theories to understand its central features. Based on our understanding, the paper offers specific suggestions as to how values could be considered for enhancing NRM.
Environmental values are personal, inter-individual and inter-cultural, related to what is perceived and judged to be good environmental systems, and can be useful in decision-making. The concept of a good environment is a result of social norms and traditions and should be considered as a concept with a narrative quality, which has meaning only within a context [5]. Environmental values have three essential characteristics: they are related to environmental systems; they are individual in nature; and they are complex (Andersson, 1991). From the viewpoint of minority ethnographers, this complex set of values could be described as holistic, where individuals perceive the environment as containing elements such as landscape, structure and functional elements of the habitat, social cooperation, and natural and socioeconomic justice [6]. Furthermore, the environment is seen not just as a boundary to be crossed, but also as the source of fulfillment and fulfillment allows for the transformation of environment [6]. However, the meaning of the environment is determined by the cultural context where society lives [7] and thus the cultural values can be so important to the concept of environment that anthropologists have named it as a cultural concept [8] rather than a physical one like the concept of physical science. d2c66b5586